Brush



T. W. JOHNSON.

BRUSH.

APPLICATLON FILED JULY 9, 1911.

1,339,894. Patented May 11; 1920.

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THOMAS W. JOHNSON, OF NORTH ATTLEBORO, MASSACHUSETTS.

BRUSH.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented May 11, 1920.

Application filed July 9, 1917. serial No. 179.296.4

vented certain new and useful Improvements in Brushes, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to brushes of various types and styles adapted for domestic 'purposes or for use in thev manufacturing arts and consists in an improved method of assembling and securing the bristles in place. The object of my improvement is to provide means for gathering the bristles in rows and securing them in unitary binding-elements which may be bent into different shapes to adapt them to be fitted to the brush-handle or other holder in accorciance with its particular form. An essential feature of the improvement resides in the construction of the bindingand securingmeans for the bristles to adapt them for ap- )lication to either paint brushes, hair brushes, tooth brushes, or for circular rotary brushes used for bufing and polishing in the mechanical arts.

The manner and means for carrying out the improvement are fully described in the following speciiication, illustrated by the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters designate like parts. In the drawings Figure l is a side elevation of a hand brush embodying the present improvement;

Fig. 2, an end 'View of the same, showing the method of assembling the bristles in -rows and securing them in the brush-handle;

Fig. 3, a side view of a circular, rotary, polishing brush;

Fig. 4, a sectional view of the same taken on the axis of the brush;

Fig. A5, a' similar view showin a circular brush having two rows of brist es;

Fig. 6, a perspective view in detail of the central sleeve or hub of the brush;

Fig. 7, a perspective view of one of the binding-washers or side-flanges of the brush;

' Fig. 8, a side view of the bristle-holdingelement with the bristles assembled therein before trimming;

Fig. 9, an end view of the same;

Fig. 10, an end viewof the holding-element shown in a slightly modified form;

Fig. 11, a View similar to Fig. 10, showing the bristles arranged in the holding-element in a still different manner;

. Fig. l2, a detail view of the'strip or blank from which the bristle-holding-element is constructed; and

Fig. 13, a sectional view of a paint brush showing my improvement applied to use thereon.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, H designates the back or handle of an ordinary hand brush such as is commonly used in various arts, for instance, for cleaning, polishing or bufing. The bristles are represented at b and may be of hair or, in somecases of wire, fiber, or any other suitable atten- 4uated material. In the present improved construction the bristles b are assembled in longitudinal rows B, B instead of being gathered in tufts or bunches in accordance with the usual practice. For the purpose of gathering and binding the bristles together in this form I employ a holding-element E shown in detail in .Figs 8 to 11. The holding-element E is preferably const-ructed from a blank consisting of a relatively thin strip. of sheet-metal or other flexible material having serrated or sawtooth edges e, e as shown in Fig. 12. The strip E is rolled or bent into tubular form fas illustrated in Fig. 9, and the bristles b are assembled in position and bound between the serrated edges of the strip as ,shown in Fig. 8. The hairs or other bristles b are rst folded or doubled on themselves and then alined in position with their bights clamped within the sides of the tube or element E. For this purpose it has been found preferable to bend or double the bristles around a longitudinal wire w such as shown in Fig. 10, or in some instances a twisted cord c is employed as illustrated in Fig. 8. After the bristles have been strung on the cord the blank E is folded up around 'their doubled ends and the teeth on the edges e, e of the strip are forced inwardly manner shown in Fig. 11. With this latter arrangement they tube or holder E is fiattened slightly along its sides in order to effect a more secure grip against the row of bristles held therein.

Fig. 10 shows another arrangement for holding the row of bristles b in the element E in which the strip of metal is rolled around the longitudinal wire w in more or less spiral form. The doubled ends of the bristles will thus be bound between the overlappingsides of the strip E and will project fromthe longitudinal opening along its top. After the bristles are assembled in place the sides of the strip E are pinched together to bind against them.

For forming circular, rotary brushes the strip E is perforated along its median line with a series of slits oropenings o, 0, etc. These slits are provided so that when the bristles have been assembled in the strip E, as shown in Fig. 8, the latter maybe bent around in a ring R to provide a circular form of brush as illustrated in Fig. 3. With this method of construction the bristles are first assembled in a straight strip which is bent around in a ring with its ends abutting as shown at in Fig. 3. This form of circular holder R may be assembled on a hub or arbor in any suitable manner, the preferred method being to clamp them between Washers or side-flanges F as next described: Referring to Fig. 6, S designates a tubular sleeve or bushing constructed of steel, copper or similar material and usually lined with a softer metal such as aluminum, as represented at s. on one side with a longitudinal rib or projection p which provides a key or spline to secure it in the axial openings of the sideplates F, F to prevent it from turning therein. As illustrated in Fig. 4f, a packing-ring or washer K is first sli ped on over the exterior of the sleeve Sp holding ring R, and the washers F F are then placed in position abutting its sides. Each washer F' has an axial bore f adapted to the periphery of the sleeve S with a notch n in its side fitted to the projection or spline p. The washers F are preferably struck up from sheet-metal and are formed with annular recesses r extending around their rims to adapt their inner faces to fit snugly against the sides of the tubular ring'R with their edges bearing against the row of bristles held therein. After the two washers have been placed in position abutting the sides of the packing-ring K and the bristlering R, they are secured together to bind against the ring by upsetting the ends of the tube. S. That is to say, the tube or sleeve S is riveted through the bores f of the washers F to cause them to bind firmly against the opposite sides of the bristle-ring R, and in this manner a very rigid and se- The tube S is formed within the bristlesides of the two rings R, R. The packingrings K, K are usually constructed of rubber, fiber or some other material of a resilient nature t0 'allow them to be compressed so that the washers F, F may be clamped firmly against the sides of the rings R. If a circular brush is required having the bristles projecting from its side, instead of radially, the binding-strip F. may -be pierced along its longitudinal edge to allow for bending, and a variety of shapes and conformations may be produced in this manner.

In assembling the bristle units B in a straight handle or holder H, such as illus-' trated in Figs. l and 2, the strips or holding-elements E do not require bending, and therefore the openings o, 0 in the blanks may be eliminated. With this construction v the holder or brush-back H is provided with ,a series of longitudinal bores k, Zt having slots Z, Z cut through from their sides. In assembling this form of brush the bristles b are doubled around the longitudinal wires fw and then assembled in position between the sides of the binding-strip or element E. After the strip E has been bent around in "tubular form with the bristles b held between its edges e, e, the whole brush unit is slipped into one of the tubular holes h of the brush-handle H with the bristles projecting through the slot Z. As many rows of bristles may be used as required, in accordance with the size and stiffness desired in the brush, and after the several units B have been assembled in place, a metal cap C is slipped on over the end of the handle H with its edges engaging a groove g formed therearound and its end bent across the side of the handle, as shown in Fig. l. In this form of brush the bristles may be trimmed fiat, as shown, or scalloped in tufts, if desired.

In adapting my improvement for use on paint brushes, I employ two or more bristle units B, B assembled in the holders E, E and placed back to back, as shown in Fig. 13. To secure the butt or base end of the bristleunits B to the brush-handle H I employ two side-plates T, T held in place by rivets t, t. The lower ends of the plates T, T are curled over to adapt them to fit around the sides of the holding-members E, and when secured in lplace on the opposite sides ofthe handle H they'bind the two units firmly in position with the bristles extending down- Wardly therefrom and left with a flag end as shown at V.

It will be observed that my improvement provides an extremely simple and eiiicient means for securing the bristles in place on the brush, and at the same time effects a considerable economy in the cost of manufacture. A particular advantage of the improvement results from the bristles being assembled more closely and compactly, providing a much stiffer brush havingFgreater eiicienc for the purpose intended. urthermore, tie bristles being doubled on themselves and held by their bights or looped ends, they cannot Work loose or pull out and hence the Whole brush is more durable in use. My improved binding-means also serves to stien and reinforce the bristles at their bound ends and in addition provides for assembling them in rows in accordance with any desired shape or conformation of the main brush-element or holder. That is to say, the bristle-units are adapted to conform to straight, circular, crescentor loopshaped brushes, and may be employed either singly or in multiple as desired.

It is to be understood that I do not herein limit myself to any particular form or shape of holding-means for the bristles or to the exact construction or arrangement of the brush-elements as shown.

What I claim is l. An improved brush-unit comprising a series of bristles bent double and assembled in alinement, With a exible metallic strip folded around the looped ends of the bristles and having marginal edges inturned to bind thereagainst, said strip being perforated with a series of slits extending along its folded portion to adapt it to be bent in circular form.

2. In a rotary brush, the combination with a series of bristles bent double and the binding-ring With their inturned edges binding against the bristles at a point outwardly beyond the edges of the bindingstrip.

3. In a rotary brush, the combination With a series of bristles bent double and alined in a row, of a flexible metallic tubular strip inclosing the looped ends of the bristles in binding engagement therewith, said strip formed-into a ring with its ends abutting, opposite side plates fitted to the sides of the ring and formed with axial bores provided with alining notches, and a sleeve-like hub inserted through the bores of the lplates With a spline on its exteriorengaging the notches therein, the ends of thehub being upset to clamp the flanges against the sides of the bristle-holding ring.

4. An improved brush unit comprising a series of bristles bent double and assembled in alinement With a flexible metallic strip folded around the looped ends of the bristles and having marginal edges inturned to bind thereagainst, said strip being perforated With a series of slits extended along. its folded portion.

In testimony whereof I aiix m si nature.

THOMAS W. JOIINgSON. 

